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- Breastmilk, Baby Formula, and Genetic Factors Likely Influence Celiac Disease Risk
Breastmilk, Baby Formula, and Genetic Factors Likely Influence Celiac Disease Risk
- By Jefferson Adams
- Published 09/9/2011
- Celiac Disease & Gluten Intolerance: A Theory of Their Origins
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Jefferson Adams
Jefferson Adams is a freelance writer living in San Francisco. His poems, essays and photographs have appeared in Antioch Review, Blue Mesa Review, CALIBAN, Hayden's Ferry Review, Huffington Post, the Mississippi Review, and Slate among others.
View all articles by Jefferson AdamsThe research team included E. Sánchez, G. De Palma, A. Capilla, E. Nova, T. Pozo, G. Castillejo, V. Varea, A. Marcos, J. A. Garrote, I. Polanco, A. López, C. Ribes-Koninckx, M. D. García-Novo, C. Calvo, L. Ortigosa, F. Palau, and Y. Sanz.
They are affiliated with the Ecofisiología Microbiana y Nutrición, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC) in Valencia, Spain.
The team studied 75 full-term newborns with at least one first-degree relative who suffered from celiac disease. They classified the newborns according to milk-feeding practice (breast-fed or formula fed) and HLA-DQ genotype, which indicates high or low genetic risk. The team used PCR and denaturing gradient gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to analyze stools at 7 days, 1 month, and 4 months. They found that formula-fed infants showed greater Bacteroides species diversity than did breast-fed infants. Breast-fed infants showed a higher prevalence of Bacteroides uniformis at 1 and 4 months of age, while formula-fed infants had a higher prevalence of B. intestinalis at all sampling times, of B. caccae at 7 days and 4 months, and of B. plebeius at 4 months.
Infants with low genetic risk showed greater colonization of B. ovatus, B. plebeius, and B. uniformis, while those with high genetic risk showed a greater colonization of B. vulgatus.
Among breast-fed infants, those with low genetic risk had greater colonization of B. uniformis than those with high genetic risk, who showed higher rates of B. vulgatus.
Among formula-fed infants, the prevalence of B. ovatus and B. plebeius was increased in those with low genetic risk, while the presence of B. vulgatus was greater in those with high genetic risk.
The results indicate that both the type of milk feeding and the HLA-DQ genotype influence the types of Bacteroides that colonize in the intestinal tract, and possibly also influence risk for developing celiac disease.
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10 Responses to "Breastmilk, Baby Formula, and Genetic Factors Likely Influence Celiac Disease Risk"
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12 Sep 2011 12:05:47 PM PDT I've read this twice and I still don't understand the results.
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12 Sep 2011 1:48:45 PM PDT So what are you saying? Don't breast feed if you have Celiac? These articles are amazing. Give to us so we can understand
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12 Sep 2011 5:12:49 PM PDT So what's the conclusion?
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13 Sep 2011 5:11:47 PM PDT What are the results? I do not understand your article! Please let us know!
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13 Sep 2011 7:30:52 PM PDT This article does not make it clear whether a high diversity of bacteriodes is a good or bad thing, so it is impossible for the lay person to understand the implications of the results.
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20 Sep 2011 5:32:37 PM PDT Agreed - please explain further - I don't understand if it is good or bad to breastfeed if you are trying to prevent celiac.
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29 Sep 2011 10:51:23 AM PDT When writing an article for others to read, remember to explain your findings in a non scientific manner. This article does not make sense to it's readers, and can create confusion. Especially to those that are struggling with breastfeeding. Regardless of what it does or does not say- I will continue to breastfeed my baby, because I don't think that God's creation and design for mother's to feed their babies has any better way.
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24 Apr 2012 9:02:11 AM PDT Thought it was just me, but evidently I'm not the only person who wasted my time reading this poorly worded article. Still have no clue what the findings really meant, since there was no conclusion.
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23 May 2012 12:26:00 PM PDT What? I did not understand. Can you put it in English for the rest of us so we can understand it?
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25 May 2012 2:55:28 PM PDT What it is saying is that the types of bacteria were more diverse in formula fed infants at first, but the infants that were genetically predisposed in each group had higher B. vulgatus regardless of type of milk.
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