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    Jefferson Adams
    Jefferson Adams

    What's the Latest News on Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity?

    Reviewed and edited by a celiac disease expert.

    Celiac.com 06/11/2015 - Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a somewhat controversial emerging disorder. There is no current medical consensus regarding its criteria, and study data have been inconclusive.

    Photo: CC--Lawrence WangMany alternative health practitioners recommend gluten-free diets for people who claim to be sensitive to gluten, but do not have celiac disease. Despite numerous reports of people without celiac disease experiencing celiac-like symptoms when eating gluten, there are currently no clear diagnostic guidelines for NCGS. NCGS is still diagnosed by excluding celiac disease, and finding no reliable celiac biomarkers.

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    A team of researchers recently set out to evaluate the prevalence, diagnostic exclusion of celiac disease and the efficacy of a gluten-free diet (GFD) for NCGS patients.

    The research team included J. Molina-Infante; S. Santolaria; D. S. Sanders; and F. Fernández-Bañares. They are variously affiliated with the Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Caceres, Spain, the Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Jorge, Huesca, Spain, the Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK, the Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain, and with CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain.

    Their team conducted a PubMed search through December 2014. They defined NCGS as self-reported gluten intolerance, negative celiac serology and absence of villous atrophy. They also included studies evaluating the impact of a GFD on patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

    They found that rates of NCGS (0.5–13%) varied considerably. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria for NCGS. The studies included 1561 patients, 26 of whom were children. HLA haplotypes could not be linked to histology, either by normal or lymphocytic enteritis (LE)] in 1,123 NCGS patients. Nearly half (44%) of NCGS patients tested positive for HLADQ2/DQ8 haplotypes.

    Using advanced diagnostic techniques that combine LE and HLADQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, the team reclassified 39 (20%) of 189 NCGS cases as celiac disease.

    They found a higher than expected family history of celiac disease and autoimmune disorders in NCGS patients. For HLADQ2 positive diarrhea-predominant IBS patients, a GFD resulted in variable, but significantly improved stool frequency.

    Rates of NCGS are extremely variable. A subset of NCGS patients might actually be part of what many researchers refer to as celiac disease "light."

    The long term benefit of a gluten-free diet for NCGS patients is currently unclear, but certainly the diet, if well-balanced, would not cause any issues. The researchers do note that HLADQ2 positive diarrhea-type IBS patients might gain symptom improvement from a gluten-free diet.

    Clearly more studies are needed to determine if NCGS is a bona fide medical condition, as many suspect. Until then, there is very little treatment available from medical practitioners, and many people with self-diagnosed NCGS will doubtless be left to self-treatment. For many, this will include avoiding gluten.

    Do you, a loved one, or someone you know have gluten-sensitivity without celiac disease? Share your thoughts and comments below.

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    Guest Carol

    Posted

    My son and I both have gene for celiac and family history but not an official diagnosis of celiac. We both have extreme reaction to gluten and have dramatic improvements in health on GFD. No doubt in my mind that we have a yet unrecognized form of celiac.

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    Guest Erogo Proxy

    Posted

    I do have some form of non celiac wheat sensitivity, doctors still want to run more test and take a sample from my intestines (can not afford the procedure). Last specialist I saw that as far as he could tell my body was treating wheat itself as a toxin, reaction is generally swollen lymph nodes, extreme irritability, and numbness in hands and feet, followed by bloating and throwing up for hours when it hits my large intestines later from as much as a crumb. I even have mild reactions (Extreme bloating, irritability, and throwing up for hours) if I consume gluten free wheat grass.

     

    Quite frankly my body is a bit of a enigma to my doctors, and my dietician says he actually finds it funny what I tested positive to allergy wise (Corn, Beets, Bell Peppers/Paprika as major allergens above 16 and whey, peanuts, soy, as minor allergens) and more so how these all developed in the last few years.

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    Guest Nancy Maurer

    Posted

    Both my son and I have antibody and biopsy diagnosed celiac disease. My daughter who was also antibody tested was negative. Because insurance would not pay for a biopsy she started on a gluten free diet also. She has been gluten free for 9 years now and her symptoms have improved. So there is something to NCGS, even if it is just an earlier stage of celiac and by going gluten free it is stopping the intestinal damage.

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  • About Me

    Jefferson Adams

    Jefferson Adams is Celiac.com's senior writer and Digital Content Director. He earned his B.A. and M.F.A. at Arizona State University. His articles, essays, poems, stories and book reviews have appeared in numerous magazines, journals, and websites, including North American Project, Antioch Review, Caliban, Mississippi Review, Slate, and more. He is the author of more than 2,500 articles on celiac disease. His university coursework includes studies in science, scientific methodology, biology, anatomy, physiology, medicine, logic, and advanced research. He previously devised health and medical content for Colgate, Dove, Pfizer, Sharecare, Walgreens, and more. Jefferson has spoken about celiac disease to the media, including an appearance on the KQED radio show Forum, and is the editor of numerous books, including "Cereal Killers" by Scott Adams and Ron Hoggan, Ed.D.

    >VIEW ALL ARTICLES BY JEFFERSON ADAMS

     


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