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Celiac.com 04/17/2024 - Maintaining optimal health involves ensuring that our bodies receive essential nutrients, including magnesium, a vital mineral crucial for various bodily functions. Magnesium deficiency can arise from various factors, including medical conditions like celiac disease, poor absorption, increased need, or excessive elimination. Understanding the signs, causes, and remedies for magnesium deficiency is essential for overall well-being. Identifying Magnesium Deficiency Symptoms Magnesium deficiency symptoms may initially manifest subtly, including muscle spasms, fatigue, decreased appetite, and nausea. However, if left unaddressed, more severe effects such as abnormal heart rhythm, seizures, anxiety, and personality changes may occur. As these symptoms overlap with those of other health conditions, a blood test from a medical provider is crucial to confirm magnesium deficiency accurately. Causes of Magnesium Deficiency Malabsorption due to gastrointestinal conditions like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease can hinder magnesium absorption. Additionally, certain medications and increased magnesium needs, such as during pregnancy or in athletes, can contribute to deficiency. Factors that affect magnesium elimination, like alcohol consumption or medical conditions such as kidney disease, also play a role. The Role of Magnesium in the Body Magnesium plays a vital role in numerous bodily processes, including muscle and nerve function, heart rhythm maintenance, blood sugar control, bone health, and blood pressure regulation. Furthermore, magnesium influences hormone balance related to sleep, circadian rhythm, and mood regulation, and can alleviate conditions like migraine headaches. Sources of Magnesium To address magnesium deficiency, both oral supplements and magnesium-rich foods can be beneficial. Supplements, such as magnesium glycinate or magnesium citrate, offer an easily accessible solution, although they may cause mild gastrointestinal side effects. Alternatively, incorporating magnesium-rich foods like pumpkin seeds, almonds, spinach, soy, and black beans into one's diet can help meet daily magnesium requirements. Frequently Asked Questions About Magnesium What is the best magnesium supplement? Magnesium glycinate and magnesium citrate are generally well-tolerated forms of magnesium supplements. Are there supplements best avoided when taking magnesium? Calcium supplements should be taken separately from magnesium to prevent competition for absorption. What medications interfere with magnesium: Certain medications, including proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, diuretics, and chemotherapy drugs, can hinder magnesium absorption and should be managed accordingly. In conclusion, recognizing the signs of magnesium deficiency, understanding its causes, and knowing how to address it through supplementation or dietary adjustments are essential for maintaining optimal health. Consulting healthcare providers for accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans is vital in managing magnesium deficiency effectively. This article is not intended to offer medical advice, and is for informational purposes only. Please consult a medical professional for personal advice on celiac disease, magnesium deficiency, and/or any other medical concern. -
Celiac.com 01/27/2024 - We've done many articles that cover nutrient deficiencies that are associated with untreated celiac disease, but many people do not realize that celiac disease can also lead to malabsorption of medications and supplements. Celiac disease damages the lining of the small intestine, where both nutrient and certain medication absorption takes place. This damage can result in decreased absorption of various substances, including both over the counter and prescription medications, and supplements. Medications that are taken orally and absorbed in the small intestine may be affected by malabsorption in individuals with untreated celiac disease. As a result, the effectiveness of these medications might be compromised. It's essential for individuals with celiac disease to maintain a strict gluten-free diet to allow the small intestine to heal and improve nutrient absorption, including medications. Common Medications Affected by Celiac Disease Malabsorption Here are some common medications that may be affected by celiac disease-related malabsorption, but many more medications might also be affected: Thyroid Medications: Medications used to treat thyroid disorders, such as levothyroxine, may have reduced absorption in individuals with untreated celiac disease. Certain Antibiotics: Some antibiotics, including tetracycline and doxycycline, are absorbed in the small intestine. Malabsorption issues may affect their effectiveness. Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, commonly used for pain and inflammation, may have altered absorption in individuals with celiac disease. Certain Anticonvulsants: Medications used to treat seizures, such as phenytoin, might be impacted by malabsorption in untreated celiac disease. Oral Contraceptives: Birth control pills, which are taken orally, may be affected by malabsorption in individuals with celiac disease. Blood Pressure Medications: Calcium Channel Blockers: Medications like amlodipine, which are calcium channel blockers used to treat high blood pressure, may be affected by impaired calcium absorption. Beta-Blockers: Some beta-blockers, such as metoprolol, may have altered absorption due to malabsorption issues. Cholesterol-Lowering Medications: Statins: Medications like atorvastatin and simvastatin, commonly prescribed for managing cholesterol levels, might be impacted by malabsorption in the small intestine. Pain Medications: Opioids: Medications containing opioids, such as codeine or oxycodone, may have absorption challenges in individuals with untreated celiac disease. Diabetes Medications: Metformin: This common medication for managing diabetes may be affected by impaired absorption in individuals with celiac disease. It's important to note that individual responses to medication can vary, and the severity of malabsorption can differ among those with celiac disease. Therefore, open communication with healthcare providers is crucial to monitor medication effectiveness, adjust dosages when needed, and explore alternative treatments if necessary. Common Supplements Affected by Celiac Disease Malabsorption Here are some common supplements that may be affected by celiac disease-related malabsorption, but many more supplements might also be affected: Calcium Supplements: Calcium carbonate or citrate: Individuals with celiac disease may experience difficulty absorbing calcium, impacting bone health. Supplementing with calcium is common to address potential deficiencies. Iron Supplements: Iron sulfate or ferrous fumarate: Celiac disease can lead to iron deficiency anemia due to impaired iron absorption. Iron supplements are often recommended to address low iron levels. Vitamin D Supplements: Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3): Malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamin D, can occur in celiac disease. Supplementation is often necessary to maintain adequate vitamin D levels. B Vitamins: B12 (Methylcobalamin): Deficiencies in B vitamins, particularly B12, may occur in individuals with celiac disease due to malabsorption. B12 supplements can be prescribed to address deficiencies. Folate (Folic Acid or Methylfolate): Methylfolate: Similar to B12, folic acid absorption may be compromised. Supplementing with methylfolate can be considered. Zinc Supplements: Zinc citrate or picolinate: Zinc absorption may be reduced in celiac disease. Zinc supplementation is recommended for those with zinc deficiencies. Magnesium Supplements: Magnesium citrate or glycinate: Malabsorption issues can affect magnesium levels. Supplementing with magnesium is common to address deficiencies. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Fish Oil (EPA and DHA): Essential fatty acids may be poorly absorbed. Omega-3 supplements can help maintain a balance of these crucial fats. Summary Individuals with untreated celiac disease may experience malabsorption of various medications and supplements due to damage to the small intestine's lining. This can impact the absorption and effectiveness of certain drugs and supplements that are commonly taken or prescribed for various conditions. It's essential for individuals with celiac disease to be aware of potential interactions and work closely with their healthcare providers, including pharmacists, to ensure appropriate adjustments in medication dosage or explore alternative forms of administration when necessary. -
Celiac.com 05/13/2015 - In addition to being a common ingredient in many commercial food products, gluten is also used in numerous medications, supplements, and vitamins, often as an inert ingredient known as an excipient. Because chronic gluten-related inflammation and damage impairs absorption of nutrients, and likely causes malabsorption of oral medications, it is extremely important for people with celiac disease to review the nutrition labels of all foods and beverages, as well as the package inserts (PI) for information about gluten content. Most oral medications depend on absorption through the small intestine via passive diffusion. GI-tract damage may shift this diffusion process into systemic circulation, which can result in increased or decreased absorption, depending on the drug molecules. Since drug molecules have varying and unique chemical properties, it is hard to determine the exact means of drug absorption in celiac patients, and also hard to determine the impact of celiac disease on drug absorption. Based on their molecular properties, researchers suspect the absorption of a number of drugs is impaired by gluten sensitivity. These drugs include: acetaminophen, aspirin, indomethacin, levothyroxine, prednisolone, propranolol, and certain antibiotics. For these reasons, it is important for doctors to monitor serum drug levels for medications with narrow therapeutic indexes in people with celiac disease. If you have celiac disease, please let your doctor know before you take these drugs. Source: US Pharmacist. 2014;39(12):44-48.
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Celiac.com 05/13/2013 - Intestinal absorption capacity is currently regarded as the best way to assess overall digestive intestinal function. Earlier reference values for intestinal function in healthy Dutch adults were based on a study that was conducted in an inpatient metabolic unit setting in a relatively small series. A team of researchers recently used bomb calorimetry to measure normative values of intestinal absorption in healthy ambulant adults. The research team included N. J. Wierdsma, J. H. C. Peters, M. A. E. van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren, C. J. J. Mulder, I. Metgod & A. A. van Bodegraven They are variously affiliated with the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, the Department of Gastroenterology, Small Bowel Unit, and the Department of Clinical Chemical Laboratory at VU University Medical Centre in Amsterdam, and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of Red Cross Hospital in Beverwijk, The Netherlands. The present study aimed to readdress and describe the intestinal absorption capacity of healthy adults, who were consuming their usual (Western European) food and beverage diet, in a standard ambulatory setting. The researchers evaluated twenty-three healthy subjects, ranging form 22–60 years old, using a 4-day nutritional diary to determine levels of nutritional intake (energy and macronutrients). They then collected fecal samples over three days to measure mean fecal losses of energy (by bomb calorimetry), fat, protein and carbohydrate. Finally, they calculated intestinal absorption capacity by determining the differences between intake and losses. They found that average (SD) daily feces production was 141 grams, of which, 49 grams (29%) was dry weight, Overall, the samples contained 891 (276) kJ [10.7 (1.3) kJ g1 wet feces; 22.6 (2.5) kJ g1 dry feces], 5.2 (2.2) g fat, 10.0 (3.8) g protein and 29.7 (11.7) g carbohydrates. Mean (SD) intestinal absorption capacity of healthy subjects was 89.4% (3.8%) for energy, 92.5% (3.7%) for fat, 86.9% (6.4%) for protein and 87.3% (6.6%) for carbohydrates. They found that average intestinal energy absorption was approximately 90%. These data serve as normative values for both stool nutrient composition and intestinal energy and macronutrient absorption in healthy adults on a regular Dutch diet in an ambulatory setting. Source: J Hum Nutr Diet. doi:10.1111/jhn.12113
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